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  1. 防災科研関係論文

Strain rate effect on fault slip and rupture evolution: Insight from meter-scale rock friction experiments

https://nied-repo.bosai.go.jp/records/2826
https://nied-repo.bosai.go.jp/records/2826
ff1760d1-02ec-4723-9df0-5a3308281e4c
Item type researchmap(1)
公開日 2023-03-30
タイトル
言語 en
タイトル Strain rate effect on fault slip and rupture evolution: Insight from meter-scale rock friction experiments
言語
言語 eng
著者 Shiqing Xu

× Shiqing Xu

en Shiqing Xu

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Eiichi Fukuyama

× Eiichi Fukuyama

en Eiichi Fukuyama

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Futoshi Yamashita

× Futoshi Yamashita

en Futoshi Yamashita

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Kazuo Mizoguchi

× Kazuo Mizoguchi

en Kazuo Mizoguchi

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Shigeru Takizawa

× Shigeru Takizawa

en Shigeru Takizawa

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Hironori Kawakata

× Hironori Kawakata

en Hironori Kawakata

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抄録
内容記述タイプ Other
内容記述 We conduct meter-scale rock friction experiments to study strain rate effect on fault slip and rupture evolution. Two rock samples made of Indian metagabbro, with a nominal contact dimension of 1.5 m long and 0.1 m wide, are juxtaposed and loaded in a direct shear configuration to simulate the fault motion. A series of experimental tests, under constant loading rates ranging from 0.01 mm/s to 1 mm/s and under a fixed normal stress of 6.7 MPa, are performed to simulate conditions with changing strain rates. Load cells and displacement transducers are utilized to examine the macroscopic fault behavior, while high-density arrays of strain gauges close to the fault are used to investigate the local fault behavior. The observations show that the macroscopic peak strength, strength drop, and the rate of strength drop can increase with increasing loading rate. At the local scale, the observations reveal that slow loading rates favor generation of characteristic ruptures that always nucleate in the form of slow slip at about the same location. In contrast, fast loading rates can promote very abrupt rupture nucleation and along-strike scatter of hypocenter locations. At a given propagation distance, rupture speed tends to increase with increasing loading rate. We propose that a strain-rate-dependent fault fragmentation process can enhance the efficiency of fault healing during the stick period, which together with healing time controls the recovery of fault strength. In addition, a strain-rate-dependent weakening mechanism can be activated during the slip period, which together with strain energy selects the modes of fault slip and rupture propagation. The results help to understand the spectrum of fault slip and rock deformation modes in nature, and emphasize the role of heterogeneity in tuning fault behavior under different strain rates.
言語 en
書誌情報 en : Tectonophysics

巻 733, p. 209-231, 発行日 2018-05-09
出版者
言語 en
出版者 Elsevier B.V.
ISSN
収録物識別子タイプ ISSN
収録物識別子 0040-1951
DOI
関連識別子 10.1016/j.tecto.2017.11.039
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