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  1. 防災科研関係論文

Magma plumbing system of the 2000 eruption of Miyakejima Volcano, Japan

https://nied-repo.bosai.go.jp/records/4154
https://nied-repo.bosai.go.jp/records/4154
7506e51d-d7a7-43eb-b4c7-f32cf264babb
Item type researchmap(1)
公開日 2023-03-30
タイトル
言語 en
タイトル Magma plumbing system of the 2000 eruption of Miyakejima Volcano, Japan
著者 Mizuho Amma-Miyasaka

× Mizuho Amma-Miyasaka

en Mizuho Amma-Miyasaka

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Mitsuhiro Nakagawa

× Mitsuhiro Nakagawa

en Mitsuhiro Nakagawa

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Setsuya Nakada

× Setsuya Nakada

en Setsuya Nakada

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抄録
内容記述タイプ Other
内容記述 During the 2000 eruption at Miyakejima Volcano, two magmas with different compositions erupted successively from different craters. Magma erupted as spatter from the submarine craters on 27 June is aphyric basaltic andesite (<5 vol% phenocrysts, 51.4-52.2 wt% SiO2), whereas magma issued as volcanic bombs from the summit caldera on 18 August is plagioclase-phyric basalt (20 vol% phenocrysts, 50.8-51.3 wt% SiO2). The submarine spatter contains two types of crystal-clots, A-type and A′-type (andesitic type). The phenocryst assemblages (plagioclase, pyroxenes and magnetite) and compositions of clinopyroxene in these clots are nearly the same, but only A′-type clots contain Ca-poor plagioclase (An < 70). We consider that the A′-type clots could have crystallized from a more differentiated andesitic magma than the A-type clots, because FeO*/MgO is not strongly influenced during shallow andesitic differentiation. The summit bombs contain only B-type (basaltic type) crystal-clots of Ca-rich plagioclase, olivine and clinopyroxene. The A-type and B-type clots have often coexisted in Miyakejima lavas of the period 1469-1983, suggesting that the magma storage system consists of independent batches of andesitic and basaltic magmas. According to the temporal variations of mineral compositions in crystal-clots, the andesitic magma became less evolved, and the basaltic magma more evolved, over the past 500 years. We conclude that gradually differentiating basaltic magma has been repeatedly injected into the shallower andesitic magma over this period, causing the andesitic magma to become less evolved with time. The mineral chemistries in crystal-clots of the submarine spatter and 18 August summit bombs of the 2000 eruption fall on the evolution trends of the A-type and B-type clots respectively, suggesting that the shallow andesitic and deeper basaltic magmas existing since 1469 had successively erupted from different craters. The 2000 summit collapse occurred due to drainage of the andesitic magma from the shallower chamber; as the collapse occurred, it may have caused disruption of crustal cumulates which then contaminated the ascending, deeper basalt. Thus, porphyritic basaltic magma could erupt alone without mixing with the andesitic magma from the summit caldera. The historical magma plumbing system of Miyakejima was probably destroyed during the 2000 eruption, and a new one may now form. © Springer-Verlag 2005.
言語 en
書誌情報 en : Bulletin of Volcanology

巻 67, 号 3, p. 254-267
ISSN
収録物識別子タイプ ISSN
収録物識別子 0258-8900
DOI
関連識別子 10.1007/s00445-004-0408-0
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