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  1. 防災科研関係論文

Vesiculation path of ascending magma in the 1983 and the 2000 eruptions of Miyakejima volcano, Japan

https://nied-repo.bosai.go.jp/records/4156
https://nied-repo.bosai.go.jp/records/4156
804a8fd1-e9e4-4a27-80d4-5b236d4d0c5e
Item type researchmap(1)
公開日 2023-03-30
タイトル
言語 en
タイトル Vesiculation path of ascending magma in the 1983 and the 2000 eruptions of Miyakejima volcano, Japan
言語
言語 eng
著者 T Shimano

× T Shimano

en T Shimano

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S Nakada

× S Nakada

en S Nakada

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抄録
内容記述タイプ Other
内容記述 The vesiculation of magma during the 1983 eruption of Miyakejima Volcano, Japan, is discussed based on systematic investigations of water content, vesicularity, and bubble size distribution for the products. The eruption is characterized by simultaneous lava effusion and explosive sub-plinian ('dry') eruptions with phreatomagmatic ('wet') explosions. The magmas are homogeneous in composition (basaltic andesite) and in initial water content (H2O = 3.9 +/- 0.9 wt%), and residual groundmass water contents for all eruption styles are low (H2O < 0.4 wt%) suggestive of extensive dehydration of magma.
For the scoria erupted during simultaneous 'dry' and 'wet' explosive eruptions, inverse correlation was observed between vesicularity and residual water content. This relation can be explained by equilibrium exsolution and expansion of ca. 0.3 wt% H2O at shallow level with different times of quenching, and suggests that each scoria with different vesicularity, which was quenched at a different time, provides a snapshot of the vesiculation process near the point of fragmentation. The bubble size distribution (BSD) varies systematically with vesicularity, and total bubble number density reaches a maximum value at vesicularity Phi similar to 5. At Phi similar to 0.5, a large number of bubbles are connected with each other, and the average thickness of bubble walls reaches the minimum value below which they would rupture. These facts suggest that vesiculation advanced by nucleation and growth of bubbles when Phi < 0.5, and then by expansion of large bubbles with coalescence of small ones for Phi > 0.5, when bubble connection becomes effective.
Low vesicularity and low residual water content of lava and spatter (Phi < 0.1 H2O < 0.1 wt%), and systematic decrease in bubble number density from scoria through spatter to lava with decrease in vesicularity suggest that effusive eruption is a consequence of complete degassing by bubble coalescence and separation from magma at shallow levels when magma ascent rate is slow.
言語 en
書誌情報 en : BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY

巻 68, 号 6, p. 549-566
出版者
言語 en
出版者 SPRINGER
ISSN
収録物識別子タイプ ISSN
収録物識別子 0258-8900
DOI
関連識別子 10.1007/s00445-005-0029-2
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